Laddering

What Is Laddering?

Laddering is the tactical deployment and positioning of ground ladders (extension, roof, single ladders) and aerial devices against a structure to provide entry, primary search access, ventilation perimeters, and emergency egress routes for interior crews.

Why Laddering Matters on the Fireground

Throwing ladders to upper-floor windows provides interior firefighters with guaranteed secondary escape routes if fire conditions deteriorate. A good laddering plan ensures every occupied floor has at least two laddered exit points on different sides.

Relevant NFPA Standards

• NFPA 1010: Standard on Professional Qualifications for Firefighters
• NFPA 1550: Standard for Emergency Responder Health and Safety

Field Procedures & Tactical Steps

1. Select proper ladder length (add 3-5 feet above roofline for roof access; place tip just below windowsill for rescue).
2. Set ground ladder at a safe 75-degree climbing angle (distance from wall = ¼ of working ladder height).
3. Heel the ladder base or tie off the tip to secure stability before climbing.
4. Raise ladders to windows on all sides of the building to create secondary firefighter escape points.
5. Climb maintaining three-point contact (two hands/one foot or two feet/one hand) while carrying tools.

Common Context & Application

Executed by truck and engine companies immediately upon arrival at residential and commercial structure fires.

Frequently Asked Questions about Laddering