UN 1194 — Ethyl nitrite, solution
Placard: Flammable. ERG Guide 131. Training/quick-reference only — use current ERG + SOP/SOG for incident-specific actions.
UN 1194 is Ethyl nitrite, solution, a toxic and flammable liquid assigned to ERG Guide 131. It can create serious inhalation, skin contact and vapor-ignition hazards during spills, leaks or fire exposure.
Hazard overview: UN 1194 presents combined toxic exposure and flammable liquid hazards. Vapors can form explosive mixtures and collect in low or sewer areas, while liquid or vapor contact may injure skin, eyes or respiratory tissue.
Response guidance: For a UN 1194 incident, responders should confirm the product using shipping papers, container markings, SDS and ERG Guide 131. Establish incident command, isolate the area, stay upwind and uphill, remove ignition sources when safe, keep vapors or runoff out of sewers and use compatible fire-control agents from a protected position.
Firefighter training notes: Training for UN 1194 should emphasize combined toxicity, skin absorption, flammable vapor behavior, air monitoring and decontamination. Common errors include treating the incident only as a fire, entering vapor areas without SCBA, allowing sewer entry and failing to control ignition sources. Use ERG 131, SDS and incident command.
Regulatory context: Ethyl nitrite, solution is regulated as a hazardous material and may have additional occupational exposure, environmental and waste controls because of toxicity as well as flammability. Verify current requirements through shipping papers, SDS, facility documents and applicable DOT, OSHA, EPA, NFPA, state or local authority guidance.
Storage & handling: Ethyl nitrite, solution should be stored in tightly closed compatible containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated flammable-liquid area with exposure controls, secondary containment and drain protection. Keep away from heat, ignition sources, oxidizers and incompatible materials.
UN 1194 Quick Details
Common Hazards of UN 1194
- TOXIC and FLAMMABLE; may be harmful or fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin.
- Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air and travel to an ignition source.
- Liquid and vapor may irritate or burn skin, eyes and respiratory tissue.
- Vapors are heavier than air and may collect in low, confined or sewer areas.
- Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
- Runoff from fire control or spill control may cause environmental contamination.
- Containers may rupture or explode when heated.
- Ethyl nitrite is volatile and may decompose, producing toxic nitrogen oxide fumes.
Chemical Identity & Physical Properties
Clear to pale yellow liquid with a sweet, fruity, or ethereal odor. Highly volatile and flammable at room temperature.
| Also known as | Ethyl nitriteNitrous etherSweet spirit of nitreEthyl ester of nitrous acid |
| CAS Number | 109-95-5 |
| Appearance | Clear to pale yellow liquid with a sweet, fruity, or ethereal odor. Highly volatile and flammable at room temperature. |
| Flash Point | -35°C (-31°F) |
| Boiling Point | 17°C (63°F) |
| Vapor Density | 2.6 (heavier than air) |
| Water Reactivity | Slightly soluble in water; no violent reaction but may decompose slowly in aqueous solutions |
Fireground Response Guidance — UN 1194
Extinguishing Media
PPE Requirements
Use positive-pressure SCBA for vapor, fire or confined-space exposure. Chemical-resistant gloves, boots, splash protection and protective clothing should be selected using SDS, monitoring results and incident command because inhalation and skin absorption can be serious.
Isolation & Evacuation
First Actions for a UN 1194 Incident
- CALL 911. Then call the emergency response telephone number on the shipping paper, if available.
- Keep unauthorized personnel away.
- Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.
- Eliminate ignition sources if it is safe to do so.
- Do not touch or walk through spilled liquid unless properly trained and wearing appropriate protective equipment.
- Avoid breathing vapors and avoid skin or eye contact with liquid.
- Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained, equipped and authorized by incident command.
- Isolate the spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.
- For large spills, fire involvement or strong vapor movement, expand isolation and consider downwind evacuation based on monitoring and incident command.
- Use ERG Guide 131, shipping papers, SDS and local SOP for protective actions and entry decisions.
📋 Copy & Share Field Card
UN 1194 — Ethyl nitrite, solutionUse for: Quick radio or face-to-face size-up. Short, structured, field-ready.
Use for: Incident command briefing, staging area whiteboard, or pre-entry team brief.
Use for: Quick text to command or incoming units. Fits in a single SMS.